Time-limit circuit-breaker.



G. G. BADEAU.

TIME LIMIT CIRCUIT BREAKER.

APPLICATION FILED we, 18, 190B.

Patented Jan 12, 193.5.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

N Smucnioz witnesses 0726.7/ H a. 243,

0. 0. BADEAU. TIME LIMIT CIRCUIT BREAKER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 18, 1908.

Patented Jan. 12, 1915.

,2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

witnesses CHARLES C. BADEAU, OF BETHLEHEM. PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGEIOR TO RCLLE rS "OMPANY, A CORPORATION CF NEW" YORK.

TIMELIMIT CIR-GUIT-BBEELKEE.

menses Application filed August 18,

To all 2127101,: it may concern:

Be itknown that l, CHARLES C. BADEAU, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bethlehem, in the county of Northampton and State,of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Time-Limit Circuit-Breakers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to time limit circuit breakers, and particularly of the inverse time elementtype operating in a certain definite time upon a definite overload, but which operates in a greater or less length of time depending upon the amount of the overload current. By my invention 1 securea time limit circuit brealrenavhich is simple in form of construction, compact and reliable; also one in which the duration of the overload will he allowed to continue a length of time dependent upon the amount of overload current and which upon a very large overload will operate Without any appreciable interval of time.

Other advantages and objects of my in-' vention will be understood from the fo lowing description and accompanying draw embodying my invention; Fig. 8 is a front breaker either mechanically as is customary elevation thereof; and Fig. at cross section.

Referring to Fig. 1, there are shown two coilsl, 2 connected in series with each other and with the circuit to be controlled. The upper overload coil 1 is shown ashaving a movable core 3 adapted to be ra'isedand operate the releasing means of the circuit is a vertical or electrically by the closing or opening of a ci1'cnit,-and inFig. 1, lthave, indicated the c re 3.21s carrying a circuit closer 4 which when the core is raised will engage the fixed contacts '5 and close a ciicuit for controllin the opening of the circuit lirealreia .il c lower overload coil 2 is shown as having 2 lOVRblB core *5 and carries. an upper e-Xtei on E adaptedto mechanically engage the lower end. of core 3. The core 6 is in its movement lay any suitable means such asdash-pot 8, wnich allows 1 93 upward movement of core 6 and a Specification of Letters Patent.

overload the less is the distance which immediatel to a heavy short circuit an stantly men the circuit rapid downward movement. the upper overload coil not d mped it its niovei'nent. g The untlani pecl armature is normally o iar removed lroin the influence of the null of the overload coil 1. that a norn'zal oi'erload willnot raise its core nor cause the circuit hr alter to be oncned. but with a very excessive overload; even though tinuing momentarily, the core 3 viii he quickly raised by influence of its coil and thus promptly open the circuit lire... With normal overloads hovvever, the coil. 2 having the damped core or armature serves as the initial controlling part and upon anv overload the core 6 will graduallv more unward and also "cause the core 3 of the nilper overload coil to also gradually inc seuyward. if the overload is coninaiatively small and continues only a short leno'th (if time, the tvvo cores "ill fall to their rower positions and not operate the circuit hrea If, hot-rover, the overload continues a suificient length of time, the raising o the undaniped core 3 by the damped will result in bringing the core sutticientlv Within the influence of its coil 1 the latter will act upon the core 3 quickly raise same an" open the breaker. t will be evident that the c breaker will he onened within a 1 val deperding upon the amount or one on load current because the coil will opei to raise its core ironi the extension of core 6 quicker it a large overload than when a small overload occurs.

shorter distance within the coil 1 to cause the opening of the circuit breaker than W a smaller overload occurs, and the more undamped armature must be moved. Co sequently, a less time interval is required for opening the circuit hreal-zer with heat y overload than is the case with a small oven load. 'It ill also be seen that the core does not need to have much no it does not trip the circuit breaker b merely places the ui'idainpet core sue: a position that it will trip the circuit breaker. it will also he see as ahove men tioned tha the undaiuped core will resooncl avoids the lapse of any time interval under such conditions. 7

It may sometimes be desirable to use two independent armatures each working on its own magnetic circuit and energized by coils electrically connected in series as above described, or the two armatures may sometimes be operated magnetically in multiple on a circuit energized by one coil as hereinafter described. If two coils be. used they may be in separate circuits such as in controlling a motor generator set where it is sometimes advisable to have an overload on one coil 1 to open or close the circuit of the other coil.

' breaker.

B-eferringto the structure shown in Figs. 2,, 3 and 4, the supporting board is indicated at 1 to which is fixed a. lower terminal 11 and an upper terminnl 12 of the circuit Two supporting side frames 13, 13, are indicated, and pivlotally mounted between theside frames 13, 13 is a magnet core 1-1 to which is connected in'the present form of construction theinn'er end of the overload coil 15 in the form of a ribbon and coiled to form a spring, theouter end of which is fixed and connected .tote minal 11. Fixed to the core 14 are conducting arms 16 which carry suitable. contacts at their upper .end for engaging with the yieldable brush contacts 17 which areelectrically connected to the upper terminal 1,2. .The spring tension of the overloadycoil 15 tends to normally force the circuit breaker arms 16 to open position from the fixed contacts 17. Pivoted to the side supports at 18 is a handie 20, thesupporting frame of which carries a roller 2l adapted to engage with a roller 22 supported between the side arms 16. llfhen the circuit breaker arm is open, the same may be closed by moving the handle 20 downward which will cause the roller 21 to close the circuit breaker by engagement with the roller22 and will then hold the circuit breaker in closed position by reason of the axis of the roller 21 being in or slightly above the plane through the axes of roller 22 and the pivotal support of the handle, the pin 18" serving to limit the move ment of roller 21. This support is provided with alower extension 23.

Pivotally mounted at 243 on the side sup ports 13, 13 is a U-shaped undamped armature having a central portion 25 and two downwardly extending arms 26. This U- shapcd armature is adapted to be acted upon by the overload coil 15 and its iron core 1 1, and upon the occurrence of a heavy short circuit, the arms 26 will be attracted by the core 14 and trip the circuit breaker by the engagement of an extension 27 from the armature which engages the extension 23 and so causes the roller 21 to bemoved downward and permit the opening of the circuit breaken e e The damped armature is shown 'as having a central support 28 pivotally supported upon a rod 29 and carrying a U-shaped armature having the central portion 30 and arms 31 which extend outside of the arms 26 of the undamped armature. Within the arms 31 and supported therefrom are rollers 32 eachadapted to engage the lower portions of the arms 20respectively. Magnetically united with the core 14 of the overload coil are iron poles 33 which latter are located respectively on the outside of the side frames 13, 13' and serve as the poles for the attraction of the arms 31 of the damped armature. The poles 33 and arms 31 are so shaped with reference to each other as to so form what is known as a constant pull magnet, the force exerted tending to rotate the damped armature about its pivot, and being substantially constant in any position. It will be seen that. the undamped ahddamper 35 armatures are in magnetic multiple relation" i to' the core of'the overload coil, the magnetic circuit from one pole of the core 1-4- to the other being completed through the U-, shaped undamped armature by crossing the two air gaps between the ends of the core 11 to the arms of the undamped armature within the side framcsll, 13 and the magnetic circuit of the damped armature being completed from the outer poles 33 of the core. 14 through the iJ-shapcd damped armature across the two air spaces between the poles 33 and the arms on the outside of the side frames.

Any suitable means maybe provided for adjusting the normal position of the undamped armature and thereby determine the strength of overload current which will attract it from said position, and similarly any suitable adjustable means may be pro-- vided for the damped armature, the formindicated in the present structure being an adjustable weight 3 1 adapted to be adjusted upon the support 28.

The damping means for the damped armature may of course be of any suitable form, but in the present instance I have devised an electric damping means comprising a disk of conducting material fixed to the shaft 29. The sides of this disk are embraced by the poles of a permanent magnet 36 fixed to the side frame 13 by a screw 37 about which the magnet may be angularly adjusted and clamped in any desired position by the screw 38 which projects through the slot 39 in the side frame and into the magnet 36. It will be seen that by shifting the position of the clamping screw 38 in the slot 39, the poles of the magnet 36 will be adjusted with relation to the disk 35 and thereby determine the damping or braking action upon the disk and consequently the rate of movement thereof. Fixed upon the staff 29 which drives the retarding disks 35 is a spur gear -10 which meshes with. a l? N 13. The shalt corrvin I spur Wiico .111 turn meshes with larger e3 lesser is freely movable a sleeve is upon the shaft 29. The periphery of the is engaged by s latch 4-5 pirotelly inoimced upon an arm 46 to the e "Elie latch. is adopted ti normally en age the gear 4-3 and more the when forced downward ride over the teeth she gear in llZS upward movement the upward movement is "of 1 4e? 1 a progecnon o ice i118 suppori $58 l e 7s fixed to a sl ve n she shaft 29 o engage cut of ihe ore bet-ore 4. end thus imprint a blow to or dumped the damping to the dampcoinc. the inerfiie nd irio and thus more easily set is in mo'lio' ll; will be understood l ile damp d armature is raised (i begins so ep'iroech the foe overload coil, the damped will also raise the undamped H clutc triiin of gears will be oiion, 1 a con'iparotively high the driven disk 35, which by the Qu ries eddy currents will tend "to d the upward noreinen i of the damped cure ike a as lbe dumped armature ms-Jed armature to such by the mag- 'd coil, the undenly lease the ckly open the circrioed. il hen the s or it does surlicient length of time. both ,ezcneenresivill lull see their normal positions I c pass V31 the teeth of wishout actuating the no and assume normal position shown ill "be drawings, will i (lei-stood. that my invention din Various other forms of various Izlfldllliiil -ns may be. with ur. departing from the my inverters. 'ie esc med my invent-ion, I

element actuoverload comprismoved by said second element into closer proximify to said coil, and means for damping the'movement or" said second element "2. An automatic circuit breaker comprising a coil, two co-acting movable elements.

controlled by said coil, the movement one uieeienicz illy ond by the medium of said elemcnis being damped and the other undamped, the former controlling the movement of the undumped element under moderate overload, andmechunicul means controlled directly thereby for Gripping the circuit breaker 3. An automatic circuit breaker comprising two movable elements, a coil controlling the movement of both of said elements, one of said elements being damped and responding 1o moderate overload conditions, and the other of said elements being undamped and responding quickly to excessive overload, a support for said coil, means for independg ently mounting said elements on said sup port, said undamped element being related to said damped clement so that the distance between said coil and said undumped element is progressively decreased by the action, of said damped element upon progressive increase of overload, and means controlled by said clcmcnts'for opening the circuit breaker.

4. An aufomotic circuit breaker compris ing-two movable elements, a coil controlling the movement of both of said elements, one of said elements being damped and responding to moderate overload upon expiration of a predetermined time interval and conirolling the movement of the other of said elements under conditions of moderate overload, the letter element being'undemped, and mechanical means controlled directly b said elements for tripping the circuit breaker.

5. An automatic circuit breaker comprising means for creating a magnetic field, a magnetic movable element controlled thereby, asecond magnetic movable c elegment controlled by said means giidgpe chanically regulating the distance between 7. An automatic circuit breaker compris-- ing an overload coil for creating a magnetic field, a tripping element controlled by said field, a second movable element controlled by said field and. controlling the movement of the first named element and mounted independently of said first-named element, and inverse time element means for damping the movement of said second element.

8. An automatic circuit breaker comprising an overload coil for creating a magnetic field, a tripping element controlled by said field, a second movable. element controlled by said field and controlling the movement of the first named element and mounted in.- dependently of said first-named element, inverse time element damping means, and means for driving said means by said second element. i

9. An automatic circuit breaker comprising an overload coil for creating a magnetic field, a tripping element controlled by said field, a pivotally mounted movable element controlled by said field and controlling the movement of said first named element and mounted independently of said firstnamed element, inverse time element damping means, and a lost motion device for driving said means by said pivotally mounted movable element.

10. An automatic circuit breaker comprising a controlling coil, an element actuated thereby upon excessive overload current for controlling the opening of the circuit breaker, a second element actuated by said coll upon moderate overload current and mounted independently of said firstnamed element and causing the movement of the first-named element, and means for retarding the movement of said second element. i r

11. An automaticcircuit breaker comprising a coil, an element for controlling the opening of the circuit breaker controlled by said coil, a second movable element controlled by said coil and adapted to move said first-named element, said first-named element being free to move inde endently of the movement of.said second element, and means for damping the movement of said second element.

12. Anautomatic circuit breaker comprising a coil, tWo co-acting movable elements controlled by said coil, the movement of one of said elements bein damped, said damped element controlling t e movement of the other element so that said other element is moved into closer proximity to said coi mas upon increase of overload, and means controlled directly by at least one of saidelements for opening the circuit breaker.

13. An automatic circuit breaker comprising a breaking mechanism for opening the circuit breaker, a coil, two movable'elements adapted to be actuated by said coil, one of said elements controlling the relation of the other of said elements with respect to said coil, mechanical means adapted to be actuated by one of said. elements for operating said breaking mechanism, said last named movable element being related to said mechanical means to allow or accelerated movement before actuating said mechanical means, and means for dam ing the movement of one of said movable e ements.

14. An automatic circuit breaker comprising a coil," a breaking mechanism for opening the circuit, and a momentum means for causing the operation of said breaking mechanism, said means including a pinrality of movable elements adapted to be actuated by said coil, certain of said elements varying the relation of the remainder of said elements with respect to said coil according to the magnitude and duration of overload conditions.

15. An automatic circuit breaker comprising a coil, a breaking mechanism for opening the circuit breaker, two movable elements adapted to be actuated. by said coil, one of said elements being damped and res spending to moderate overload, the other of said elements being undamped and re sponding to excessive overload, said damped element being constructed to regulate the relation. of said undamped element with respect to said coil, and means dlrectly con.-

trolled by said undamped element for releasing said breaking mechanism.

16. An automatic circuit breaker comlirising in combination a coil, a breaking mechanism for opening the circuit breaker, a magnetic element adapted to cause the release of said breaking mechanism, a second magnetic element adapted to control the po* sition. of said firstnamed magnetic element with relation to said coil under certain con ditions, said two magnetic elements being in magnetic multiple relation to said coil.

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature, in presence of two Witnesses.

'{JHARLES O. BADEAU.

Witnesses M. A, Tr msUE, F. M. ROLLER. 

